ผลงานตีพิมพ์ทั้งหมด

INFLUENCE OF BIOMASS PRETREATMENT ON SUBSEQUENT PYROLYSIS AND HYDRODEOXYGENATION IN BIO-BASED TRANSPORT FUELS AND CHEMICALS PRODUCTION: A CRITICAL REVIEW

Rishikesh Kumar Singh, Suneerat Fukuda, Shurong Wang

International Journal of Energy for a Clean Environment · 2022

The present article aims to review the influence of various biomass pretreatments on the production of bio-based transportation fuel and chemicals via pyrolysis and hydrodeoxygenation (HDO). The article includes the influence of different thermochemical pretreatments such as dry torrefaction (DT), wet torrefaction (WT), steam explosion treatment (SET), hot water extraction (HWE), acid treatment (ACT), and alkali treatment (AKT) on bio-oil yield and bio-oil properties. HDO primarily includes dehydration, hydrogenolysis, decarbonylation, and hydrogenation. HDO can be classified based on stages (single and two-stage HDO), reaction pressure (high and low), and hydrogen presence (ex situ and in situ). The recent developments, advantages, and drawbacks associated with different types of HDO processes have been included. The article includes recent studies on designing various catalysts based on HDO conversion of different bio-oil compositions or selective model compounds to targeted bio-based products. The various biomass pretreatments impact the concentration of certain families of organic compounds present in bio-oil. Hence, the present review article also includes recommendations of specific biomass pretreatments for various HDO catalysts designed for selective model compounds or different bio-oil compositions. Few praiseworthy techno-economic analysis (TEA) studies on the influence of different biomass pretreatments on the minimum selling price (MSP) of bio-based products obtained at various production stages have been discussed.

Sodium alginate–silica composite aerogels from rice husk ash for efficient absorption of organic pollutants

Xinhong Han, Jiacheng Liang, Suneerat Fukuda, Lingjun Zhu, Shurong Wang

Biomass and Bioenergy · 2022

POTENTIAL ASSESSMENT OF GREENHOUSE GAS REDUCTION IN PATTAYA HOTELS, THAILAND

Tawika Suwanphitak, Suneerat Fukuda, Pipat Chaiwiwatworakul

MATTER International Journal of Science and Technology · 2021

Hotels in Thailand are one of the country's main economic growth sectors which inevitably result in increased sector energy use and cause a rise in GHG emissions. A study on the source of GHG emissions in the hotel sector can guide the suitable reduction measures. This paper reports the study results of the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and their reduction potential in 4- and 5-star hotels in Pattaya, Thailand. In the study, seven 4- and 5-star hotels participated in surveys to assess their GHG emissions from electricity use, stationary combustion, mobile combustion, refrigerant leak, wastewater, solid waste, and outsourced laundry. The data used in this study were based on the 2018 statistics. The average emission by the surveyed hotels was at 4,466.99 tCO2e/year, equivalent to 107.88 kgCO2e/m2-year, and 45.42 kgCO2e/room-night. Electricity use was the major activity accounting for 77% of the total emissions. Hence, the GHG reduction plan was put forth to the energy efficiency improvement of energy-intensive machines. The findings from surveyed hotels were used as the basis to estimate the GHG emissions and potential reduction for 4- and 5-star hotels in the whole of Pattaya. By the proposed improvement scheme, the potential to reduce the GHG emission was 13,818.28 tCO2e, for an equivalent reduction of 7.8% of the total GHG emissions. This study approach for GHG reduction can further be applied to other tourism hotels nationwide to support the country in achieving the national GHG emission reduction target and the sustainable tourism industry.

Investigation of multi‐fuel combustion behavior and synergy effect using improved steady‐state discrete particle model simulation

Surapoom Somwangthanaroj, Suneerat Fukuda

International Journal of Energy Research · 2020

Summary This paper presents a simulation study of municipal solid waste (MSW) combustion using a multi‐fuel combustion model, which was an extended version from the one previously developed by the authors. The model was a steady‐state model with partial transient implementation as user‐defined functions (UDF) developed in ANSYS Fluent platform to investigate the combustion behavior of fuel interacting in the solid and gas phases. The solid phase was simulated using discrete particle model (DPM). The extended simulation model took into consideration the difference of properties and combustion characteristics of different MSW components. The main improvement was the application of a newly developed algorithm that allows the influence of the surrounding particles and environment on the simulating particle and the possible synergy between them. The combustion and furnace zone of an MSW power plant in Hatyai, Thailand was the simulated case study and the measured temperatures from various sensor locations at the plant exhaust were used for model validation. The inputs for volatile combustion were obtained from pyrolysis experiments. For compatibility with GRI‐Mech 3.0, CH3CHO and C2H2 were used to represent the tar component. In the fuel bed zone, the simulated temperatures were higher than the measured temperatures up to 36%, which were the results of the complete combustion of the simulated fuel bed at too early location on the grate. For the fluid phase, the simulated mean temperature at the locations that were not affected by fuel bed combustion was approximately 6% different from the measured values. Synergy between particles was observed and attributed to the effect of nearby particles' properties on the combustion of simulating particle.

Agricultural and Municipal Waste Management in Thailand

Suneerat Fukuda

2020

CFD modeling of biomass grate combustion using a steady-state discrete particle model (DPM) approach

Surapoom Somwangthanaroj, Suneerat Fukuda

Renewable Energy · 2019

Experimental Study on Combustion Characteristics in a CFB during Co-firing of Coal with Biomass Pellets in Thailand

Thanet Unchaisri, Suneerat Fukuda, Awassada Phongphipat, Suvit Saetia, Boonrod Sajjakulnukit

International Energy Journal · 2019

This paper studies the effect of operating conditions, including excess air ratio and biomass shares in fuel mixtures on emissions (CO, NO x , SO 2 ) and ash characteristics from coal combustion during co-firing of coal with biomass pellets. The experiments were performed in a circulating fluidized bed (CFB) reactor of 80 kW th capacity. The domestic biomass, including rice straw, eucalyptus and empty fruit bunch were used in pellet form as the supplementary fuels for co-firing with coal. In the experiments, the excess air ratios were varied over a range of 1.28–2.10, and the fuel feed rate was kept at 14 kg/h. The mass fractions of biomass pellets were at 25 wt% and 50 wt%. The combustion time was around eight hours after reaching a stable temperature. Flue gas emissions (CO, NO x , SO 2 ) were measured with a TESTO 350 XL flue gas analyzer. In order to investigate the effect of blending biomass pellets with ash characteristics, fly ash and bottom ash were collected and analyzed by X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) and a Scanning Electron Microscope with Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectrometer (SEM-EDS), respectively. The results showed that the excess air could promote complete combustion with decreasing CO emission. With the further increase in excess air, CO emission increased because of the insufficient residence time for complete combustion and the cooling effect. During co-firing experiments, the bed temperature in riser decreased by about 150–200°C as compared to coal combustion. NO x emissions for co-firing with rice straw pellets and empty fruit bunch pellets were lower than the emissions from coal. At high excess air, NO x concentration for co-firing of coal with 50 wt% eucalyptus pellets was higher than the concentration for coal alone. SO 2 emissions for co-firing with biomass pellets in all cases were lower than those from coal. The bed agglomeration was not observed in the spent bed during co-firing of coal with biomass pellets up to 50 wt%. However, the bed particles were coated with layers of elemental compositions corresponding with fuel ashes. FactSage software in the “Phase Diagram” module was used to predict the melting temperature of ash when coating the bed particles. The highest and the lowest melting temperatures of ash were 1734°C and 1410°C for coal combustion and co-firing of coal with empty fruit bunch at 50 wt%, respectively.

Investigating Agglomeration Tendency of Co-Gasification between High Alkali Biomass and Woody Biomass in a Bubbling Fluidized Bed System

Tanakorn Kittivech, Suneerat Fukuda

Energies · 2019

Palm empty fruit bunches (EFB) is known as problematic biomass due to its high alkali content, i.e., more than half of inorganic matter is potassium (K). EFB when used as a fuel in fluidized beds with silica sand as bed material could form the sticky compound K2O·nSiO2 starting at around 750 °C and adhere bed particles together, resulting in bed agglomeration. Blending EFB with rubber wood sawdust (RWS) could improve the chemical properties and consequent ash composition of the blended fuel. In this study, RWS was blended with EFB at three ratios: RWS:EFB = 25:75, RWS:EFB = 50:50, and RWS:EFB = 75:25. Adding RWS to the fuel prolonged de-fluidization time. The high content of CaO in the RWS ash acted as an inhibitor to prevent the formation of K2O·nSiO2 and, instead, enhanced the formation of K2CO3, a higher melting point compound, which reduced bed agglomeration. During the experiment using RWS:EFB = 75:25, no bed agglomeration was found.

Effect of Bed Material on Bed Agglomeration for Palm Empty Fruit Bunch (EFB) Gasification in a Bubbling Fluidised Bed System

Tanakorn Kittivech, Suneerat Fukuda

Energies · 2019

The high level of potassium compounds in Empty Fruit Bunch (EFB) induces ash-related problems, such as bed agglomeration, which is caused by the formation of a low-melting-point sticky compound: K2On·SiO2, especially in fluidised bed gasification using silica sand as bed material. Dolomite was found to be an effective alternative bed material for preventing bed agglomeration by the release of CaO via calcination processes during gasification. CaO acts as a catalyst to inhibit bed agglomeration by possibly enhancing the formation of K2CO3 instead of K2O·nSiO2. Alumina sand was also found to be a suitable alternative bed material to prevent bed agglomeration; however, due to the relatively high density of alumina sand, high gas velocity was needed to ensure good mixing and fluidisation. Using both dolomite and alumina sand as bed materials yielded a product gas having similar higher heating value (HHV) to that when using silica sand (i.e., 3.8–3.9 MJ/Nm3).

Catalytic effect of rice straw‐derived chars on the decomposition of naphthalene: The influence of steam activation and solvent treatment during char preparation

Supachita Krerkkaiwan, Suneerat Fukuda

Asia-Pacific Journal of Chemical Engineering · 2019

Abstract Rice straw char (RSC) was prepared as the catalyst for naphthalene decomposition in this work. The effects of steam activation and solvent treatment on the catalytic naphthalene decomposition during the char preparation were investigated. Four chars were prepared: RSC, steam‐activated RSC at 500°C (SRS500), steam‐activated RSC at 800°C (SRS800), and solvent‐treated RSC (ResC). The catalytic activity of each catalyst was discussed, and the catalytic mechanisms were also proposed. The results revealed that the SRS catalysts gave a higher catalytic activity than the RSC, due to the enhancement of the surface area after steam activation. The SRS800 gave the highest naphthalene conversion and net gas yield: approximately 76.9% and 45%, respectively. However, its catalytic activity was more rapidly decreased by coke deposition than the other chars. Compared with the RSC, the ResC showed a slightly lower naphthalene conversion, but the net gas yield was slightly higher, especially that of H2 and CH4, due to the existence of K in silicate form.