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Reduction by enhanced coagulation of dissolved organic nitrogen as a precursor of N-nitrosodimethylamine Part A Toxic/hazardous substances & environmental engineering

Phanawan Tongchang, Jindalak Kumsuvan, Warangkana Na Phatthalung, Chaisri Suksaroj, Aunnop Wongrueng, Charongpun Musikavong

Journal of Environmental Science and Health Part A Environmental Science and Engineering and Toxicology · 2018

Raw water from the Banglen (BL) water treatment plant (WTP) and Bangkhen (BK) WTP in central Thailand and Hatyai (HY) WTP in southern Thailand was investigated for dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) reduction. The DON(mg N/L) and the dissolved organic carbon (DOC)/DON ratio were 0.34 and 21, 0.24 and 18, and 1.12 and 3 for the raw waters from BL, BK, and HY WTPs, respectively. Polyaluminum chloride (PACl) dosages of 150, 80, and 40 mg/L at pH 7 were the optimal coagulation conditions for the raw waters from BL, BK, and HY WTPs, respectively, and could reduce DON by 50%, 42%, and 42%, respectively. PACl and powder activated carbon (PAC, both in mg/L) at 150 and 20, 80 and 20, and 40 and 60 could reduce DON in the raw waters from BL, BK, and HY WTPs by 71%, 67%, and 29%, respectively. DOC/DON values of water treated with PACl were similar to those of raw water. DOC/DON values of water treated with PACl and PAC were lower than those of raw water. N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) formation potentials of raw water, water treated with PACl, or both PACl and PAC, and organic fractions of BL, BK, and HY WTPs were below the detection limits of 542 and 237 ng/L, respectively. Reductions in fluorescence intensities of tryptophan-like substances at peaks 240/350 and 280/350 (nmEₓ/nmEₘ) were moderately (correlation coefficient, R = 0.85 and 0.86) and fairly (R = 0.59, 0.67, and 0.75) correlated with DON reduction.

Life cycle assessment of palm biodiesel production in Thailand: Impacts from modelling choices, co-product utilisation, improvement technologies, and land use change

Trakarn Prapaspongsa, Charongpun Musikavong, Shabbir H. Gheewala

Journal of Cleaner Production · 2017

Relationships between Trihalomethane Formation Potential and Surrogate Parameters for Dissolved Organic Matter in Reservoir Water and Treated Wastewater in Thailand

Charongpun Musikavong

Asia-Pacific Journal of Science and Technology · 2017

Relationships between trihalomethane formation potential (THMFP) and dissolved organic matter (DOM) surrogate parameters including dissolved organic carbon (DOC), ultraviolet adsorption at wavelength 254 nm (UV-254) and specific ultraviolet adsorption (SUVA) were investigated from six water sources in Thailand. Five raw water supply sources were Mae-Hia Reservoir, Aung-Keaw Reservoir, Mae-Kuang Reservoir in Chaing Mai province, the Bhumibol Dam Reservoir in Tak Province, and the Northern-Region Industrial Estate Reservoir in Lamphun province, Thailand. One treated wastewater was effluent water from the central wastewater treatment plant of the Northern-Region Industrial Estate. The coagulation process was utilized to remove DOM from all water samples. In the case of raw water, coagulated water, hydrophobic organic fraction and hydrophilic organic fraction of reservoir water, moderate correlations were obtained from relationships between THMFP and DOC, (R2 of 0.83) and between THMFP and UV-254 (R2 of 0.77). Correlations were significant at the 0.01 level. A poor correlation was obtained from relationship between THMFP and SUVA (R2 of 0.34). The fitting equation for predicting THMFP in reservoir water and its coagulated water could be expressed as follows: THMFP ( g/L) = 73.67DOC (mg/L) + 86.8. In case of treated wastewater and its coagulated water, moderate correlation (R2 of 0.84), good correlation (R2 = 0.96) and moderate correlation (R2 of 0.81) were observed from relationships between THMFP and DOC, THMFP and UV-254, and between THMFP and SUVA, respectively. Correlations were significant at the 0.01 level. The appropriate equation for predicting THMFP in treated wastewater and its coagulated water could be expressed as follows: THMFP ( g/L) = 813.3DOC (mg/L) + 310. In conclusion, DOC and UV-254, therefore, moderately correlated with THMFP in both reservoir water and treated wastewater. SUVA moderately correlated with THMFP in treated wastewater; however, it did not relate to THMFP in reservoir water in Thailand.

Ecological footprint assessment towards eco-efficient oil palm and rubber plantations in Thailand

Charongpun Musikavong, Shabbir H. Gheewala

Journal of Cleaner Production · 2016

Water deprivation as an indicator for evaluating the potential areas of nipa (Nypa fruticans) sap ethanol in Thailand

Juthamas Jaichuedee, Rinan Longalee, Charongpun Musikavong

Journal of Cleaner Production · 2016

Life cycle greenhouse gas emissions of palm oil production by wet and dry extraction processes in Thailand

Anyanee Bunchai, Oramas Suttinun, Aran H‐Kittikun, Charongpun Musikavong

The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment · 2016

Removal of phenolic compounds from palm oil mill effluent by thermophilic Bacillus thermoleovorans strain A2 and their effect on anaerobic digestion

Panthida Chantho, Charongpun Musikavong, Oramas Suttinun

International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation · 2016

Assessing ecological footprints of products from the rubber industry and palm oil mills in Thailand

Charongpun Musikavong, Shabbir H. Gheewala

Journal of Cleaner Production · 2016

The presence of aliphatic and aromatic amines in reservoir and canal water as precursors to disinfection by-products

Warangkana Na Phatthalung, Charongpun Musikavong, Oramas Suttinun

Journal of Environmental Science and Health Part A · 2016

This research aimed at determining the dimethylamine (DMA), diethylamine (DEA), dibutylamine (DBA), and aromatic aniline (AN) in reservoir and canal water in the U-Tapao River Basin, Songkhla, Thailand. The trihalomethane formation potential (THMFP) and N-nitrosodimethylamine formation potential (NDMA-FP) of the reservoir and canal water were analyzed. Water samples from two reservoirs and raw water from water treatment plants at upstream, midstream, and downstream locations of the canal were collected twice. The analysis of the DMA, DEA, DBA, and AN were conducted using gas chromatography and spectrofluorometry techniques. The DMA, DEA, and DBA levels in the reservoir and canal waters ranged from not detectable (ND) to 10 µg/L and from ND to 21.2 µg/L, respectively. AN was detected from 123 to 129 ng/L and from 112 to 177 ng/L in the reservoir and canal waters, respectively. The DMA, DEA, DBA, and AN exhibited two fluorescent peaks at 230nmEx/345nmEm and 280 nmEx/355nmEm. These two peaks corresponded to the peak positions of tryptophan. Detection limits of DMA, DEA, and DBA for fluorescent analysis were 500 μg/L whereas that of AN and tryptophan were 10 and 0.5 μg/L, respectively. The NDMA-FP measured in all the water samples was lower than the detection limit of 237 ng/L. THMFP ranged from 175 to 248 μg/L and 214 to 429 μg/L was detected in the reservoir and canal waters, respectively. The THMFP/dissolved organic carbon (DOC) of the reservoir and canal waters were comparable within the ranges of 73 to 131 µg THMFP/mg DOC.

Formation of trihalomethanes of dissolved organic matter fractions in reservoir and canal waters

Charongpun Musikavong, Kanjanee Srimuang, Thunwadee Tachapattaworakul Suksaroj, Chaisri Suksaroj

Journal of Environmental Science and Health Part A · 2016

The formation of trihalomethanes (THMs) of hydrophobic organic fraction (HPO), transphilic organic fraction (TPI), and hydrophilic organic fraction (HPI) of reservoir and canal waters from the U-Tapao River Basin, Songkhla, Thailand was investigated. Water samples were collected three times from two reservoirs, upstream, midstream, and downstream of the U-Tapao canal. The HPO was the major dissolved organic matter (DOM) fraction in reservoir and canal waters. On average, the HPO accounted for 53 and 45% of the DOM in reservoir and canal waters, respectively. The TPI of 19 and 23% in reservoir and canal waters were determined, respectively. The HPI of 29% of the reservoir water and HPI of 32% of the canal water were detected. For the reservoir water, the highest trihalomethane formation potential (THMFP)/dissolved organic carbon (DOC) was determined for the HPI, followed by the TPI and HPO, respectively. The average values of the THMFP/DOC of the HPI, TPI, and HPO of the reservoir water were 78, 52, and 49 µg THMs/mg C, respectively. The highest THMFP/DOC of the canal water was detected for the HPI, followed by HPO and TPI, respectively. Average values of the THMFP/DOC of HPI of water at upstream and midstream locations of 58 µg THMs/mg C and downstream location of 113 µg THMs/mg C were determined. Average values of THMFP/DOC of HPO of water at upstream and midstream and downstream locations were 48 and 93 µg THMs/mg C, respectively. For the lowest THMFP/DOC fraction, the average values of THMFP/DOC of TPI of water at upstream and midstream and downstream locations were 35 and 73 µg THMs/mg C, respectively.

Evolution of Pretreatment Methods for Nanofiltration Membrane Used for Dissolved Organic Matter Removal in Raw Water Supply

Sirikul Siriraksophon, Charongpun Musikavong, Chaisri Suksaroj, Thunwadee Tachapattaworakul Suksaroj

DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) · 2016

Coagulation and microfiltration using polyaluminium chloride (PACl) were investigated as a pretreatment process by nanofiltration to reduce dissolved organic matter in both raw water and treated water at water treatment plants. The dissolved organic matter in the raw water supply may be a precursor of carcinogens produced during the disinfection process. Raw water from pumping stations and treated water from Hat Yai Provincial Waterworks Authority, Songkhla Province, Thailand were used as samples for this study. Fractionation of raw water samples by DAX-8 and XAD-4 resin revealed that they contained hydrophilic, transphilic and hydrophobic groups with hydrophilic the major organic component. PACl coagulation resulted in a higher dissolved organic matter removal than microfiltration techniques. A hybrid coagulation-nanofiltration process was studied. This effectively reduced dissolved organic matter as dissolved organic carbon and UV-254 by 86% and 94% respectively. The hybrid coagulation-nanofiltration process reduced dissolved organic carbons of the hydrophobic group more effectively than the hydrophilic group. Chloroform and bromodichloroform were the two major species of the trihalomethane group produced when raw water reacted with chlorine. The hybrid coagulation-nanofiltration process reduced the trihalomethane formation potential (THMFP) in raw water samples by up to 90%

Supply Chain Optimisation of Nipa-based bioethanol industry in Thailand

Remy Nguyen, Miao Guo, Charongpun Musikavong, Noparat Bamroongrugsa, Nilay Shah

Computer-aided chemical engineering/Computer aided chemical engineering · 2016

Water footprints of products of oil palm plantations and palm oil mills in Thailand

Phetrada Suttayakul, Aran H‐Kittikun, Chaisri Suksaroj, Jitti Mungkalasiri, Ruthairat Wisansuwannakorn, Charongpun Musikavong

The Science of The Total Environment · 2015

Water scarcity footprint of products from cooperative and large rubber sheet factories in southern Thailand

Charongpun Musikavong, Shabbir H. Gheewala

Journal of Cleaner Production · 2015

Alternative Technologies for the Reduction of Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Palm Oil Mills in Thailand

Roihatai Kaewmai, Aran H‐Kittikun, Chaisri Suksaroj, Charongpun Musikavong

Environmental Science & Technology · 2013

Alternative methodologies for the reduction of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from crude palm oil (CPO) production by a wet extraction mill in Thailand were developed. The production of 1 t of CPO from mills with biogas capture (four mills) and without biogas capture (two mills) in 2010 produced GHG emissions of 935 kg carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2eq), on average. Wastewater treatment plants with and without biogas capture produced GHG emissions of 64 and 47% of total GHG emission, respectively. The rest of the emissions mostly originated from the acquisition of fresh fruit bunches. The establishment of a biogas recovery system must be the first step in the reduction of GHG emissions. It could reduce GHG emissions by 373 kgCO2eq/t of CPO. The main source of GHG emission of 163 kgCO2eq/t of CPO from the mills with biogas capture was the open pond used for cooling of wastewater before it enters the biogas recovery system. The reduction of GHG emissions could be accomplished by (i) using a wastewater-dispersed unit for cooling, (ii) using a covered pond, (iii) enhancing the performance of the biogas recovery system, and (iv) changing the stabilization pond to an aerated lagoon. By using options i-iv, reductions of GHG emissions of 216, 208, 92.2, and 87.6 kgCO2eq/t of CPO, respectively, can be achieved.

Identification of dissolved organic matter in raw water supply from reservoirs and canals as precursors to trihalomethanes formation

Charongpun Musikavong, Suraphong Wattanachira

Journal of Environmental Science and Health Part A · 2013

The characteristic and quantity of dissolved organic matter (DOM) as trihalomethanes precursors in water from the U-Tapao Basin, Songkhla, Thailand was investigated. The sources of water in the basin consisted of two reservoirs and the U-Tapao canal. The canal receives water discharge from reservoirs, treated and untreated wastewater from agricultural processes, communities and industries. Water downstream of the canal is utilized as a raw water supply. Water samples were collected from two reservoirs, upstream and midstream of the canal, and the raw water supply in the rainy season and summer. The DOM level in the canal water was higher than that of the reservoir water. The highest trihalomethane formation potential (THMFP) was formed in the raw water supply. Fourier-transform infrared peaks of the humic acid were detected in the reservoir and canal waters. Aliphatic hydrocarbon and organic nitrogen were the major chemical classes in the reservoir and canal water characterized by a pyrolysis gas chromatography mass spectrometer. The optimal condition of the poly aluminum chloride (PACl) coagulation was obtained at a dosage of 40 mg/L at pH 7. This condition could reduce the average UV-254 to 57%, DOC to 64%, and THMFP to 42%. In the coagulated water, peaks of O-H groups or H-bonded NH, C˭O of cyclic and acyclic compounds, ketones and quinines, aromatic C˭C, C-O of alcohols, ethers, and carbohydrates, deformation of COOH, and carboxylic acid salts were detected. The aliphatic hydrocarbon, organic nitrogen and aldehydes and ketones were the major chemical classes. These DOM could be considered as the prominent DOM for the water supply plant that utilized PACl as a coagulant.

Assessment of Relationship between Land uses of Riparian Zone and Water Quality of River for Sustainable Development of River Basin, A Case Study of U-Tapao River Basin, Thailand

Saroj Gyawali, Kuaanan Techato, Chumpol Yuangyai, Charongpun Musikavong

Procedia Environmental Sciences · 2013

The main objective of this study is to find the relationship between land use patterns of riparian zone of the river and water quality parameters. Various water quality parameters were collected from 10 monitoring stations of U-tapao River in the year 2000 to 2011 as secondary data. Land use data as the percentage of land of 100 m riparian zone along the river network were derived from using Geographical Information Systems (GIS) and they were linked with water quality data. Analysis of variance, correlation analysis and stepwise multiple regression analysis were used to investigate spatial and temporal variations and the interrelationships between land uses and water quality parameters. Water quality parameters: temperature (TEMP) and dissolved oxygen (DO) showed spatial variation, whereas TEMP, suspended solid (SS) and fecal coliform bacteria (FCB) showed seasonal variation. Land uses: agriculture, urban, and grass land showed spatial variation, whereas only agriculture and grass land showed annual variation. Urban land showed significant positive correlation with TEMP, SS and dissolved solid (DS) and negative correlation with pH. Similarly, agriculture showed significant positive correlation with SS and DS and negative correlation with TEMP and DO. In the study, water quality parameters were predicted by using multiple regression models and understanding of these relationships can help policy or decision makers to develop suitable land use practices on the riparian zone for sustainable development of a river basin.

Reduction of fractionated dissolved organic matter and their trihalomethane formation potential with enhanced coagulation

Charongpun Musikavong, Kamonnawin Inthanuchit, Kanjanee Srimuang, Thunwadee Tachapattaworakul Suksaroj, Chaisri Suksaroj

ScienceAsia · 2013

The trihalomethane formation potential (THMFP) of the raw water supply from the U-Tapao Canal, Songkhla, Thailand and the THMFP of the hydrophobic organic fraction (HPO) and hydrophilic organic fraction (HPI) of the raw water supply were determined. The canal has been contaminated with treated and untreated wastewater from communities, agricultural processes, and industrial activities. Water samples were collected 3 times from an intake point of the water treatment plant located downstream of the canal. We found an average dissolved organic carbon (DOC) of 7.4 mg/l and a THMFP of 630 µg/l in the raw water. We also found a DOCHPO of 3.3 mg/l, a DOCHPI of 3.7 mg/l, a THMFPHPO of 281 µg/l, and a THMFPHPI of 348 µg/l. Strong fluorescent peaks of tryptophan-like and humic and fulvic acid-like substances were detected in the raw water. The optimal condition of polyaluminium chloride (PACl) coagulation for removing dissolved organic matter was obtained at a PACl of 40 mg/l at pH 7. Under such conditions, it could reduce the average DOC to 55% and THMFP to 48%. The PACl coagulation reduced the fluorescent intensity of humic and fulvic acid-like substances more than tryptophan-like substances. The best reduction observed of DOC was 76% and THMFP was 83%; this was obtained by using a PACl of 40 mg/l with 1 mg/l of polymer and 80 mg/l of powder activated carbon. Under such conditions, there was consistent removal of an average DOCHPO, DOCHPI, THMFPHPO, and THMFPHPI by 85, 68, 81, and 79%, respectively. Such a condition was capable of reducing trihalomethanes to meet the World Health Organization standards.

Greenhouse gas emissions of palm oil mills in Thailand

Roihatai Kaewmai, Aran H‐Kittikun, Charongpun Musikavong

International journal of greenhouse gas control · 2012

Removal of organic impurities in waste glycerol from biodiesel production process through the acidification and coagulation processes

Qiao-guang Xie, Wirach Taweepreda, Charongpun Musikavong, Chaisri Suksaroj

Water Science & Technology · 2012

Treatment of waste glycerol, a by-product of the biodiesel production process, can reduce water pollution and bring significant economic benefits for biodiesel facilities. In the present study, hydrochloric acid (HCl) was used as acidification to convert soaps into salts and free fatty acids which were recovered after treatment. The pH value, dosages of polyaluminum chloride (PACl) and dosage of polyacrylamide (PAM) were considered to be the factors that can influence coagulation efficiency. The pH value of waste glycerol was adjusted to a pH range of 3-9. The PACl and PAM added were in the range of 1-6 g/L and 0.005-0.07 g/L. The results showed best coagulation efficiency occurs at pH 4 when dosage of PACl and PAM were 2 and 0.01 g/L. The removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD(5)), total suspended solids (TSS) and soaps were 80, 68, 97 and 100%, respectively. The compositions of organic matters in the treated waste glycerol were glycerol (288 g/L), methanol (3.8 g/L), and other impurities (0.3 g/L).

Separation of oily sludge and glycerol from biodiesel processing waste by coagulation

Qiao-guang Xie, Wirach Taweepreda, Charongpun Musikavong, Chaisri Suksaroj

DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) · 2011

Raw waste glycerol is a by-product of biodiesel production from transesterification, which is high in salt, and has a highpH value (more than 9.6). The purpose of this research is to reduce the water pollution from waste glycerol by using acoagulation process and discussing the possibility of waste glycerol reuse. The commercial coagulant (2% by weight), whichwas composed by cationic polyamine (PA) 6% and poly-aluminium chloride (PACl) 94% (w/w), was used as coagulant totreat waste glycerol. The results showed that after acidification and coagulation process, most of the chemical oxygen demand(COD), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5), total suspended solids (TSS), and oily sludge (such as fatty acid, methyl ester,methanol and soap) in raw waste glycerol were removed, except glycerol. The removal efficiencies of COD, BOD5, TSS, soapand methanol were 96.2%, 93.3%, 98.1%, 100%, and 85.8%, respectively, but the removal efficiency of glycerol was only65.4%. There was still a certain amount of glycerol (about 147.5g/L) in the solution, which is separated from oily sludge.

Enhanced Coagulation for Removal of Dissolved Organic Matter and Trihalomethane Formation Potential from Raw Water Supply in Sri-Trang Reservoir, Thailand

Tassana Kueseng, Thunwadee Tachapattaworakul Suksaroj, Charongpun Musikavong, Chaisri Suksaroj

Water Practice & Technology · 2011

The present research aims to examine the coagulation process enhancement for dissolved organic matter (DOM) and The present research aims to examine the coagulation process enhancement for dissolved organic matter (DOM) and trihalomethane formatation potential (THMFP) removal from a raw water supply with low turbidity and specific ultraviolet absorption (SUVA). Coagulation conditions were optimized using polyaluminum chloride (PACl), PACl with dry cationic polymer (polymer), and PACl with polymer and powder activated carbon (PAC). DOM was measured in terms of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and ultraviolet absorption at a wavelength of 254 nm (UV-254). Results show that the optimal condition for PACl, PACl and polymer, and PACl with polymer and PAC coagulation were PACl 20 mg/L at pH 7, PACl 20 mg/L and polymer 0·1 mg/L, and PACl 20 mg/L with polymer 0·1 mg/L and PAC 10 mg/L, respectively. When the DOM contents in coagulated water were fractioned to be hydrophilic (HPI) and hydrophobic (HPO) groups, it was found that the coagulation process could effectively remove more DOC of HPO than DOC of HPI. The coagulation using PACl combined with polymer and PAC provided the highest level of DOC of HPI, DOC of HPO, Trihalomethane formation potential (THMFP) of HPI, and THMFP of HPO removal efficiencies and were shown to be 65%, 75%, 77%, and 79%, respectively.

Reduction of dissolved organic matter and trihalomethane formation potential in raw water supply reservoir by hybrid ultrafiltration process

Warintorn Banchapattanasakda, Charongpun Musikavong, Thunwadee Tachapattaworakul Suksaroj, Chaisri Suksaroj

AQUA - Water Infrastructure Ecosystems and Society · 2011

Research Article| December 01 2011 Reduction of dissolved organic matter and trihalomethane formation potential in raw water supply reservoir by hybrid ultrafiltration process Warintorn Banchapattanasakda; Warintorn Banchapattanasakda 1Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90112, Thailand Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Charongpun Musikavong; Charongpun Musikavong 1Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90112, Thailand2National Center of Excellence for Environmental and Hazardous Waste Management (EHWM), Satellite Center at Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90112, Thailand Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Thunwadee Tachapattaworakul Suksaroj; Thunwadee Tachapattaworakul Suksaroj 2National Center of Excellence for Environmental and Hazardous Waste Management (EHWM), Satellite Center at Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90112, Thailand3Faculty of Environmental Management, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90112, Thailand Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Chaisri Suksaroj Chaisri Suksaroj 1Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90112, Thailand2National Center of Excellence for Environmental and Hazardous Waste Management (EHWM), Satellite Center at Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90112, Thailand E-mail: [email protected] Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Water Supply: Research and Technology-Aqua (2011) 60 (8): 494–501. https://doi.org/10.2166/aqua.2011.001 Article history Received: December 24 2010 Accepted: October 27 2011 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Tools Icon Tools Cite Icon Cite Permissions Search Site Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsThis Journal Search Advanced Search Citation Warintorn Banchapattanasakda, Charongpun Musikavong, Thunwadee Tachapattaworakul Suksaroj, Chaisri Suksaroj; Reduction of dissolved organic matter and trihalomethane formation potential in raw water supply reservoir by hybrid ultrafiltration process. Journal of Water Supply: Research and Technology-Aqua 1 December 2011; 60 (8): 494–501. doi: https://doi.org/10.2166/aqua.2011.001 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex Hybrid microfiltration (MF)–ultrafiltration (UF) and hybrid coagulation–ultrafiltration membrane processes were investigated and compared for dissolved organic matter (DOM) reduction in the low turbidity raw water supply from Sri-Trang Reservoir, Thailand. The coagulation process was operated with 20 mg/L polyaluminum chloride (PACl) at pH 7. The MF used had a pore size of 0.1 μm and the UF was of immersible polysulfone hollow fiber membrane with a pore size of 0.008 μm. The hybrid coagulation–UF process could effectively reduce DOM in terms of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and UV-254 by 64% whereas the hybrid MF–UF membrane process yielded lower efficiency, 58% DOC reduction and 50% UV-254, respectively. In regards to trihalomethane formation potential (THMFP) analysis, the hybrid coagulation–UF membrane process showed slightly higher efficiency in THMFP reduction than that of the hybrid MF–UF process, 87.6 and 87.1%, respectively. The resin adsorption technique using DAX-8 was also employed to fractionate DOM in all water samples into two fractions; hydrophobic (HPO) and hydrophillic (HPI) organic matter. Significantly, HPO was the major fraction of DOM in the raw water source and it was the main precursor of THMFP. DOM, hybrid ultrafiltration process, raw water supply reservoir, THMFP, UV-254 This content is only available as a PDF. © IWA Publishing 2011 You do not currently have access to this content.

Separation of oily sludge and glycerol from biodiesel processing waste by coagulation.

Xie Qiaoguang, Wirach Taweepreda, Charongpun Musikavong, Chaisri Suksaroj

Songklanakarin Journal of Science and Technology · 2011

Raw waste glycerol is a by-product of biodiesel production from transesterification, which is high in salt, and has a high pH value (more than 9.6). The purpose of this research is to reduce the water pollution from waste glycerol by using a coagulation process and discussing the possibility of waste glycerol reuse. The commercial coagulant (2% by weight), which was composed by cationic polyamine (PA) 6% and poly-aluminium chloride (PACl) 94% (w/w), was used as coagulant to treat waste glycerol. The results showed that after acidification and coagulation process, most of the chemical oxygen demand (COD), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD 5 ), total suspended solids (TSS), and oily sludge (such as fatty acid, methyl ester, methanol and soap) in raw waste glycerol were removed, except glycerol. The removal efficiencies of COD, BOD 5 , TSS, soap and methanol were 96.2%, 93.3%, 98.1%, 100%, and 85.8%, respectively, but the removal efficiency of glycerol was only 65.4%. There was still a certain amount of glycerol (about 147.5g/L) in the solution, which is separated from oily sludge.

The Determination of Tryptophan and Humic and Fulvic Acid-Like Substances Reduction in RAW Water from U-TAPAO Basin Thailand with Alum Coagulation

Chaisri Suksaroj, Payom Rattanamanee, Charongpun Musikavong, Suraphong Wattanachira

Water Practice & Technology · 2009

The aim of this study was to determine the efficiency of alum coagulation process for organic substances treating in raw water from U-Tapao canal, Thailand with measuring in term of dissolved organic carbon (DOC), ultraviolet absorption at wavelength 254 nm (UV-254) and Fluorescent Excitation-Emission Matrix (FEEM) reduction. Raw water samples were collected from three points of U-Tapao canal, one was existing pumping station (U-Tapao) and other two points (Sadao reservoir and Khlongla reservoir) are at upstream which may be used as an alternative pumping station. The results showed the condition of organic matter from point source and non-point source contamination in water samples. The results of FEEM showed that the water sample from U-Tapao pumping station contained both fulvic-humic acid-like substances and tryptophan-like substances were whereas Sadao and Khlongla reservoirs could detect mainly fulvic and humic acid-like substances. The coagulation gave the best results of turbidity, DOC and UV-254 reduction at pH 5 and 80 mg/L of alum dose. It could reduce 80% of the organic substances in term of UV 254, but only 50% in term of DOC and FEEM. Furtherore the DOC and UV-254 reduction efficiency were slightly declined when the tryptophan-like substances presented.