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Identification of dissolved organic matter in raw water supply from reservoirs and canals as precursors to trihalomethanes formation

Charongpun Musikavong, Suraphong Wattanachira

Journal of Environmental Science and Health Part A · 2013

The characteristic and quantity of dissolved organic matter (DOM) as trihalomethanes precursors in water from the U-Tapao Basin, Songkhla, Thailand was investigated. The sources of water in the basin consisted of two reservoirs and the U-Tapao canal. The canal receives water discharge from reservoirs, treated and untreated wastewater from agricultural processes, communities and industries. Water downstream of the canal is utilized as a raw water supply. Water samples were collected from two reservoirs, upstream and midstream of the canal, and the raw water supply in the rainy season and summer. The DOM level in the canal water was higher than that of the reservoir water. The highest trihalomethane formation potential (THMFP) was formed in the raw water supply. Fourier-transform infrared peaks of the humic acid were detected in the reservoir and canal waters. Aliphatic hydrocarbon and organic nitrogen were the major chemical classes in the reservoir and canal water characterized by a pyrolysis gas chromatography mass spectrometer. The optimal condition of the poly aluminum chloride (PACl) coagulation was obtained at a dosage of 40 mg/L at pH 7. This condition could reduce the average UV-254 to 57%, DOC to 64%, and THMFP to 42%. In the coagulated water, peaks of O-H groups or H-bonded NH, C˭O of cyclic and acyclic compounds, ketones and quinines, aromatic C˭C, C-O of alcohols, ethers, and carbohydrates, deformation of COOH, and carboxylic acid salts were detected. The aliphatic hydrocarbon, organic nitrogen and aldehydes and ketones were the major chemical classes. These DOM could be considered as the prominent DOM for the water supply plant that utilized PACl as a coagulant.

Assessment of Relationship between Land uses of Riparian Zone and Water Quality of River for Sustainable Development of River Basin, A Case Study of U-Tapao River Basin, Thailand

Saroj Gyawali, Kuaanan Techato, Chumpol Yuangyai, Charongpun Musikavong

Procedia Environmental Sciences · 2013

The main objective of this study is to find the relationship between land use patterns of riparian zone of the river and water quality parameters. Various water quality parameters were collected from 10 monitoring stations of U-tapao River in the year 2000 to 2011 as secondary data. Land use data as the percentage of land of 100 m riparian zone along the river network were derived from using Geographical Information Systems (GIS) and they were linked with water quality data. Analysis of variance, correlation analysis and stepwise multiple regression analysis were used to investigate spatial and temporal variations and the interrelationships between land uses and water quality parameters. Water quality parameters: temperature (TEMP) and dissolved oxygen (DO) showed spatial variation, whereas TEMP, suspended solid (SS) and fecal coliform bacteria (FCB) showed seasonal variation. Land uses: agriculture, urban, and grass land showed spatial variation, whereas only agriculture and grass land showed annual variation. Urban land showed significant positive correlation with TEMP, SS and dissolved solid (DS) and negative correlation with pH. Similarly, agriculture showed significant positive correlation with SS and DS and negative correlation with TEMP and DO. In the study, water quality parameters were predicted by using multiple regression models and understanding of these relationships can help policy or decision makers to develop suitable land use practices on the riparian zone for sustainable development of a river basin.

Reduction of fractionated dissolved organic matter and their trihalomethane formation potential with enhanced coagulation

Charongpun Musikavong, Kamonnawin Inthanuchit, Kanjanee Srimuang, Thunwadee Tachapattaworakul Suksaroj, Chaisri Suksaroj

ScienceAsia · 2013

The trihalomethane formation potential (THMFP) of the raw water supply from the U-Tapao Canal, Songkhla, Thailand and the THMFP of the hydrophobic organic fraction (HPO) and hydrophilic organic fraction (HPI) of the raw water supply were determined. The canal has been contaminated with treated and untreated wastewater from communities, agricultural processes, and industrial activities. Water samples were collected 3 times from an intake point of the water treatment plant located downstream of the canal. We found an average dissolved organic carbon (DOC) of 7.4 mg/l and a THMFP of 630 µg/l in the raw water. We also found a DOCHPO of 3.3 mg/l, a DOCHPI of 3.7 mg/l, a THMFPHPO of 281 µg/l, and a THMFPHPI of 348 µg/l. Strong fluorescent peaks of tryptophan-like and humic and fulvic acid-like substances were detected in the raw water. The optimal condition of polyaluminium chloride (PACl) coagulation for removing dissolved organic matter was obtained at a PACl of 40 mg/l at pH 7. Under such conditions, it could reduce the average DOC to 55% and THMFP to 48%. The PACl coagulation reduced the fluorescent intensity of humic and fulvic acid-like substances more than tryptophan-like substances. The best reduction observed of DOC was 76% and THMFP was 83%; this was obtained by using a PACl of 40 mg/l with 1 mg/l of polymer and 80 mg/l of powder activated carbon. Under such conditions, there was consistent removal of an average DOCHPO, DOCHPI, THMFPHPO, and THMFPHPI by 85, 68, 81, and 79%, respectively. Such a condition was capable of reducing trihalomethanes to meet the World Health Organization standards.

Greenhouse gas emissions of palm oil mills in Thailand

Roihatai Kaewmai, Aran H‐Kittikun, Charongpun Musikavong

International journal of greenhouse gas control · 2012

Removal of organic impurities in waste glycerol from biodiesel production process through the acidification and coagulation processes

Qiao-guang Xie, Wirach Taweepreda, Charongpun Musikavong, Chaisri Suksaroj

Water Science & Technology · 2012

Treatment of waste glycerol, a by-product of the biodiesel production process, can reduce water pollution and bring significant economic benefits for biodiesel facilities. In the present study, hydrochloric acid (HCl) was used as acidification to convert soaps into salts and free fatty acids which were recovered after treatment. The pH value, dosages of polyaluminum chloride (PACl) and dosage of polyacrylamide (PAM) were considered to be the factors that can influence coagulation efficiency. The pH value of waste glycerol was adjusted to a pH range of 3-9. The PACl and PAM added were in the range of 1-6 g/L and 0.005-0.07 g/L. The results showed best coagulation efficiency occurs at pH 4 when dosage of PACl and PAM were 2 and 0.01 g/L. The removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD(5)), total suspended solids (TSS) and soaps were 80, 68, 97 and 100%, respectively. The compositions of organic matters in the treated waste glycerol were glycerol (288 g/L), methanol (3.8 g/L), and other impurities (0.3 g/L).

Separation of oily sludge and glycerol from biodiesel processing waste by coagulation

Qiao-guang Xie, Wirach Taweepreda, Charongpun Musikavong, Chaisri Suksaroj

DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) · 2011

Raw waste glycerol is a by-product of biodiesel production from transesterification, which is high in salt, and has a highpH value (more than 9.6). The purpose of this research is to reduce the water pollution from waste glycerol by using acoagulation process and discussing the possibility of waste glycerol reuse. The commercial coagulant (2% by weight), whichwas composed by cationic polyamine (PA) 6% and poly-aluminium chloride (PACl) 94% (w/w), was used as coagulant totreat waste glycerol. The results showed that after acidification and coagulation process, most of the chemical oxygen demand(COD), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5), total suspended solids (TSS), and oily sludge (such as fatty acid, methyl ester,methanol and soap) in raw waste glycerol were removed, except glycerol. The removal efficiencies of COD, BOD5, TSS, soapand methanol were 96.2%, 93.3%, 98.1%, 100%, and 85.8%, respectively, but the removal efficiency of glycerol was only65.4%. There was still a certain amount of glycerol (about 147.5g/L) in the solution, which is separated from oily sludge.

Enhanced Coagulation for Removal of Dissolved Organic Matter and Trihalomethane Formation Potential from Raw Water Supply in Sri-Trang Reservoir, Thailand

Tassana Kueseng, Thunwadee Tachapattaworakul Suksaroj, Charongpun Musikavong, Chaisri Suksaroj

Water Practice & Technology · 2011

The present research aims to examine the coagulation process enhancement for dissolved organic matter (DOM) and The present research aims to examine the coagulation process enhancement for dissolved organic matter (DOM) and trihalomethane formatation potential (THMFP) removal from a raw water supply with low turbidity and specific ultraviolet absorption (SUVA). Coagulation conditions were optimized using polyaluminum chloride (PACl), PACl with dry cationic polymer (polymer), and PACl with polymer and powder activated carbon (PAC). DOM was measured in terms of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and ultraviolet absorption at a wavelength of 254 nm (UV-254). Results show that the optimal condition for PACl, PACl and polymer, and PACl with polymer and PAC coagulation were PACl 20 mg/L at pH 7, PACl 20 mg/L and polymer 0·1 mg/L, and PACl 20 mg/L with polymer 0·1 mg/L and PAC 10 mg/L, respectively. When the DOM contents in coagulated water were fractioned to be hydrophilic (HPI) and hydrophobic (HPO) groups, it was found that the coagulation process could effectively remove more DOC of HPO than DOC of HPI. The coagulation using PACl combined with polymer and PAC provided the highest level of DOC of HPI, DOC of HPO, Trihalomethane formation potential (THMFP) of HPI, and THMFP of HPO removal efficiencies and were shown to be 65%, 75%, 77%, and 79%, respectively.

Reduction of dissolved organic matter and trihalomethane formation potential in raw water supply reservoir by hybrid ultrafiltration process

Warintorn Banchapattanasakda, Charongpun Musikavong, Thunwadee Tachapattaworakul Suksaroj, Chaisri Suksaroj

AQUA - Water Infrastructure Ecosystems and Society · 2011

Research Article| December 01 2011 Reduction of dissolved organic matter and trihalomethane formation potential in raw water supply reservoir by hybrid ultrafiltration process Warintorn Banchapattanasakda; Warintorn Banchapattanasakda 1Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90112, Thailand Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Charongpun Musikavong; Charongpun Musikavong 1Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90112, Thailand2National Center of Excellence for Environmental and Hazardous Waste Management (EHWM), Satellite Center at Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90112, Thailand Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Thunwadee Tachapattaworakul Suksaroj; Thunwadee Tachapattaworakul Suksaroj 2National Center of Excellence for Environmental and Hazardous Waste Management (EHWM), Satellite Center at Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90112, Thailand3Faculty of Environmental Management, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90112, Thailand Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Chaisri Suksaroj Chaisri Suksaroj 1Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90112, Thailand2National Center of Excellence for Environmental and Hazardous Waste Management (EHWM), Satellite Center at Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90112, Thailand E-mail: [email protected] Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Water Supply: Research and Technology-Aqua (2011) 60 (8): 494–501. https://doi.org/10.2166/aqua.2011.001 Article history Received: December 24 2010 Accepted: October 27 2011 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Tools Icon Tools Cite Icon Cite Permissions Search Site Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsThis Journal Search Advanced Search Citation Warintorn Banchapattanasakda, Charongpun Musikavong, Thunwadee Tachapattaworakul Suksaroj, Chaisri Suksaroj; Reduction of dissolved organic matter and trihalomethane formation potential in raw water supply reservoir by hybrid ultrafiltration process. Journal of Water Supply: Research and Technology-Aqua 1 December 2011; 60 (8): 494–501. doi: https://doi.org/10.2166/aqua.2011.001 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex Hybrid microfiltration (MF)–ultrafiltration (UF) and hybrid coagulation–ultrafiltration membrane processes were investigated and compared for dissolved organic matter (DOM) reduction in the low turbidity raw water supply from Sri-Trang Reservoir, Thailand. The coagulation process was operated with 20 mg/L polyaluminum chloride (PACl) at pH 7. The MF used had a pore size of 0.1 μm and the UF was of immersible polysulfone hollow fiber membrane with a pore size of 0.008 μm. The hybrid coagulation–UF process could effectively reduce DOM in terms of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and UV-254 by 64% whereas the hybrid MF–UF membrane process yielded lower efficiency, 58% DOC reduction and 50% UV-254, respectively. In regards to trihalomethane formation potential (THMFP) analysis, the hybrid coagulation–UF membrane process showed slightly higher efficiency in THMFP reduction than that of the hybrid MF–UF process, 87.6 and 87.1%, respectively. The resin adsorption technique using DAX-8 was also employed to fractionate DOM in all water samples into two fractions; hydrophobic (HPO) and hydrophillic (HPI) organic matter. Significantly, HPO was the major fraction of DOM in the raw water source and it was the main precursor of THMFP. DOM, hybrid ultrafiltration process, raw water supply reservoir, THMFP, UV-254 This content is only available as a PDF. © IWA Publishing 2011 You do not currently have access to this content.

Separation of oily sludge and glycerol from biodiesel processing waste by coagulation.

Xie Qiaoguang, Wirach Taweepreda, Charongpun Musikavong, Chaisri Suksaroj

Songklanakarin Journal of Science and Technology · 2011

Raw waste glycerol is a by-product of biodiesel production from transesterification, which is high in salt, and has a high pH value (more than 9.6). The purpose of this research is to reduce the water pollution from waste glycerol by using a coagulation process and discussing the possibility of waste glycerol reuse. The commercial coagulant (2% by weight), which was composed by cationic polyamine (PA) 6% and poly-aluminium chloride (PACl) 94% (w/w), was used as coagulant to treat waste glycerol. The results showed that after acidification and coagulation process, most of the chemical oxygen demand (COD), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD 5 ), total suspended solids (TSS), and oily sludge (such as fatty acid, methyl ester, methanol and soap) in raw waste glycerol were removed, except glycerol. The removal efficiencies of COD, BOD 5 , TSS, soap and methanol were 96.2%, 93.3%, 98.1%, 100%, and 85.8%, respectively, but the removal efficiency of glycerol was only 65.4%. There was still a certain amount of glycerol (about 147.5g/L) in the solution, which is separated from oily sludge.

The Determination of Tryptophan and Humic and Fulvic Acid-Like Substances Reduction in RAW Water from U-TAPAO Basin Thailand with Alum Coagulation

Chaisri Suksaroj, Payom Rattanamanee, Charongpun Musikavong, Suraphong Wattanachira

Water Practice & Technology · 2009

The aim of this study was to determine the efficiency of alum coagulation process for organic substances treating in raw water from U-Tapao canal, Thailand with measuring in term of dissolved organic carbon (DOC), ultraviolet absorption at wavelength 254 nm (UV-254) and Fluorescent Excitation-Emission Matrix (FEEM) reduction. Raw water samples were collected from three points of U-Tapao canal, one was existing pumping station (U-Tapao) and other two points (Sadao reservoir and Khlongla reservoir) are at upstream which may be used as an alternative pumping station. The results showed the condition of organic matter from point source and non-point source contamination in water samples. The results of FEEM showed that the water sample from U-Tapao pumping station contained both fulvic-humic acid-like substances and tryptophan-like substances were whereas Sadao and Khlongla reservoirs could detect mainly fulvic and humic acid-like substances. The coagulation gave the best results of turbidity, DOC and UV-254 reduction at pH 5 and 80 mg/L of alum dose. It could reduce 80% of the organic substances in term of UV 254, but only 50% in term of DOC and FEEM. Furtherore the DOC and UV-254 reduction efficiency were slightly declined when the tryptophan-like substances presented.