All publications

Carbon Footprint of Cassava Starch Production in North-Eastern Thailand

Phairat Usubharatana, Harnpon Phungrassami

Procedia CIRP · 2015

Carbon footprint was calculated for cassava starch product in Thailand. Objective of this study was to evaluate and compare the global warming impacts of cassava starch production in 3 factories located in North-Eastern Thailand. The system boundary was defined from cradle to factory gate, starting from cassava cultivation and harvesting until cassava starch production by using life cycle assessment (LCA) methodology based on ISO 14040 series. The selected functional unit was 1,000 kg of dry native starch, excluding packaging. Input and output data were analyzed and results were shown in terms of global warming potential (GWP) impact categories. The average greenhouse gases (GHGs) emission value based on LCA methodology of 3 factories was 594 kgCO2e per one ton of dry native starch. The results indicated that the cultivation and harvesting procedure was the major source emitting GHGs, around 40-59% of the total, if the factory used the biogas from wastewater treatment plant. Based on this result, the estimated total GHGs emission of cassava starch production in Thailand in the year 2013 was a total of approximately 10,500 million tons of CO2e.

จดการทรพยากรนำอยางยงยนดวย Water footprint ในอตสาหกรรมอาหารเพอการสงออก ป 2558

ไพรัช อุศุภรัตน์, Phairat Usubharatana

2015

Life cycle assessment and eco-efficiency of para-rubber wood production in Thailand.

Harnpon Phungrassami, Phairat Usubharatana

Polish Journal of Environmental Studies · 2015

Carbon Footprint of Concentrated Latex: A Case Study in Southern Thailand

Phairat Usubharatana, Harnpon Phungrassami

Journal of selçuk üniversity natural and applied science · 2014

Natural rubber latex comes from rubber tree usually contains between 30-40% rubber, the other 60-70% being mainly water [1]. Centrifugation is a simple way to concentrate suspensions in liquids. The result is concentrated latex containing about 60% rubber [1]. Mostly the rubber produced in Thailand is used for automotives, gloves, rubber bands and elastic. Thailand covers the natural rubber plantation area of 18.7 million rai (2.992 million hectares), of which mature area is 13.81 million rai (2.2096 million hectares). In 2013, the annual rubber output is expected to reach 3.86 million tons, of which 13% is domestically consumed, 83% is exported in the form of primary processing products [2]. Green markets and green products are increasingly concerned in Thailand market. Therefore this paper aims to investigation of the carbon footprint associated with concentrated latex. The use of fertilizer, chemical, fuels data during cultivation of rubber tree were collected from questionnaires and field surveys. Life cycle inventories of concentrated latex processing were included. One year collected data at different two concentrated latex manufacturers were used to determine the carbon footprint of concentrated latex. Dry rubber content (DRC) was used as the allocation method in the concentrated latex processing. The DRC allocation was range from 86.6% to 99.9% of intermediate product during the processing. Results show that the carbon footprint of natural latex cultivation and concentrated latex processing were from 0.0136 kgCO 2 e to 0.0170 kgCO 2 e per 1 kg of natural latex (wet weight). The main contribution is the fertilizer but different type of fertilizer. and total carbon footprint were from 82.3 kg CO 2 e to 93.9 kg CO 2 e per 1 kg of concentrated latex .

โครงการจดการทรพยากรนำอยางยงยนดวย Water Footprint ในอตสาหกรรมอาหารเพอการสงออก ป 2557

ไพรัช อุศุภรัตน์, Phairat Usubharatana

2014

Mass transfer of CO2 absorption in hybrid MEA-methanol solvents in packed column

Teerawat Sema, Abdulaziz Naami, Phairat Usubharatana, Xiangzeng Wang, Ruimin Gao, Zhiwu Liang, Raphael Idem, Paitoon Tontiwachwuthikul

Energy Procedia · 2013

The mass transfer performance of CO 2 absorption into three solvents (i.e., 5 M MEA in methanol, 5 M MEA in 1:1 water-methanol volume ratio, and 5 M MEA aqueous solutions) in an absorption column packed with DX structured packing at various CO 2 loading, liquid flow rate, and inert gas flow rate. The mass transfer performance was evaluated in terms of volumetric overall mass transfer coefficient (K G a v ) and mass flux. The results showed that 5 M MEA in methanol has higher mass transfer performance than those of 5 M MEA in 1:1 water-methanol volume ratio and 5 M MEA aqueous solutions, respectively. In addition, CO 2 loading and liquid flow rate had significant effect on mass transfer performance, but inert gas flow rate has insignificant effect on mass transfer performance.

Part 5a: Solvent chemistry: NMR analysis and studies for amine–CO2–H2O systems with vapor–liquid equilibrium modeling for CO2capture processes

Huancong Shi, Zhiwu Liang, Teerawat Sema, Abdulaziz Naami, Phairat Usubharatana, Raphael Idem, Chintana Saiwan, Paitoon Tontiwachwuthikul

Carbon Management · 2012

This is Part 5a of a special review series on recent progress and new developments of the post-combustion carbon-capture technology using reactive solvents. NMR spectroscopy is an important method used in analytical chemistry to test the functional groups and molecular structures of organic compounds. This methodology has been recently applied in CCS in the field of solvent chemistry for aiding the development of novel solvents for capturing CO2. NMR has been used for testing new amines and amine–CO2–H2O systems with 1H and 13C spectra for a number of years. This paper is a comprehensive review recent research papers that have applied NMR spectroscopy in the analysis of a variety of amines and a systems for multiple purposes, mostly for vapor–liquid equilibrium model analysis, and for some other qualitative as well as kinetic analyses.

The pH effects on cleaning of coconut milk deposits from batch pasteurizing process

Phanida Saikhwan, Nattaporn Jumwan, Pisan Thungsiabyuan, Woranee Paengjuntuek, Harnpon Phungrassami, Phairat Usubharatana

Engineering and Applied Science Research · 2011

In this paper, the effects of pH on the cleaning of a model coconut milk foulant found in batchpasteurization process were studied. The model coconut milk foulants were soaked in NaOH solution at pHrange of 7-12. Swelling rate and swelling ratio increase slightly with pH at pH < 10 and increasing pH beyondpH 10 resulted in a significant rise of both swelling rate and swelling ratio. The pH effects observed here havebeen reported by literature in the case of milk foulants. Strength studies were performed on coconut milkfoulants under 3 conditions: (i) no soaking, (ii) soaking in distilled water (pH 7) and soaking in NaOH solution(pH 12) where maximum swelling ratio was observed. It was found that soaking had weakened the strength offoulants but the effect was not significant. The shear stress observed to remove the foulants under the 3conditions were in the range of 345-472 Pa.

Enhancement factor and kinetics of CO2 capture by MEA-methanol hybrid solvents

Phairat Usubharatana, Paitoon Tontiwachwuthikul

Energy Procedia · 2009

Although many studies have been done towards the solubility, enhancement factor and kinetic of the reaction between CO 2 and various alkanolamines, the reaction media are limited to aqueous solutions. This research focuses on study above characteristics of monoethanolamine (MEA)-methanol hybrid solvent. The objective of this research is to understand how the methanol mixed into MEA solution can enhance the CO 2 absorption. Three solvents used in this study are MEA aqueous solution, MEA in water-methanol 1:1 by volume, and MEA in methanol. The solubility of studied solvents was compared by Henry’s constant of pure solvent. The Kirkwood-Buff formalism was used to derive the Henry’s constant of CO 2 in water-methanol mixture. The bench-scale of CO 2 absorption in DX structuring column was carried out to evaluate the enhancement factor based on the film theory model. Based on zwitterions mechanism, reaction rate constant of the deprotonation step in MEA aqueous solution is the highest followed by MEA in methanol-water and MEA in methanol respectively, while the reaction rate constant of the formation step is in the reversed order. First order of reaction with respect to carbon dioxide is found for every representative solvent. The order of reaction respect to MEA ranges from 1.19 to 1.67 depending on the ratio of methanol in the solution. The reaction order is increased in the order of water, methanol-water and methanol. The result showed that higher performance of CO 2 absorption by MEA-methanol hybrid solvent is not because of improvement of kinetic reaction. On the contrary, methanol mixed in to MEA solution reduces the kinetic rate in the deprotronation step and cause the reduction of enhancement factor. It is because of the methanol mixed into MEA hybrid solvent enhances the diffusivity and solubility characteristics of the solvent that increase the CO 2 absorption rate.

A study of monoethanolamine-methanol hybrid solvents for carbon dioxide capture by absorption.

Phairat Usubharatana

Open MIND · 2009

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