Exergetic Evaluation of Renewability for Renewable Electricity Generation in Thailand
Surat Sedpho, Sate Sampattagul
NRCT Data Center · 2015
In 2021, the target of renewable energy production of Thailand is 25%. Therefore the installation of renewable power generation systems has been increasing. In order to promote the sustainable development of renewable power generation, the environmental impacts of the system have to be considered. In this paper, the environmental sustainability of solar and wind power generation were evaluated by using life cycle assessment (LCA) framework together with exergy concept as exergy-based indicator, exergetic efficiency and renewability, throughout the life cycle from procurement of materials as well as transportation to the power generation system. According to the results, renewable power generation systems consume the greatest amount of exergy in the construction phase, wind power generation was considered as a sustainable system. Wind power generation is also more easily renewable than solar power generation.
The NPP and Social Asset Impacts of Acidification from Coal-fired Power Plant in Thailand
Chantima Rewlay-ngoen, Seksan Papong, Sate Sampattagul
Energy Procedia · 2014
Since 1978, coal has played an important role in power generation systems in Thailand, and in 2013 it accounts for 19% of the total electricity production of the whole country. However, coal-fired power plants are by far the biggest sources of sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ) emitted into the atmosphere, which contributes to the formation of acidification and directly affects terrestrial ecosystems and materials. In addition, when the acid level (pH) of rainfall reduces, it changes the soil's physical and chemical characteristics and affects the growth rate of the plants. On the other hand, acidity rainfall on buildings causes metal and stone damage and destruction. Therefore, the understanding of the environmental impacts of electricity generation from coal is needed. It can lead to the development of acidification reduction plans and policies. Life Cycle Impact Assessment (LCIA) is one of the useful tools for evaluating the environmental burden of processes by accounting for the inflow and outflow of materials and energy as well as the waste released into environment. Thus, the main objective of this study was to analyses the acidification damage factor from coal-fired power plants using Life-cycle Impact assessment Model based on Endpoint modelling (LIME). As the results, the endpoint effects of acidification indicated that it will definitely and seriously destroy the growth rate of plants and be able to show this in terms of the value of Net Primary Production (NPP) and damage to the building can be shown via the maintenance social assets cost (Baht). Moreover, the results will help us to minimize the acidification damage costs from coal-fired power plants to be more environmentally friendly.
ENDPOINT DAMAGE OF COAL-FIRED POWER PLANT IN THAILAND
Chantima Rewlay-ngoen, Sate Sampattagul
2013
The aim of this research is therefore to adjust the life cycle impact assessment method so that it becomes suitable for Thailand, within the context of characterization, damage, and weighting factors. The results show that the coefficient of those factors. Additionally, this study was conducted to analyze the acidification damage factors—the damage arises from coal-fired power plant—using the coefficients of those factors. Finally, the results of this study will help us to minimize the damage costs from the coal-fired power plant in order that they become more environmentally friendly.
Life Cycle Impact Modeling of Global Warming on Net Primary Production : A Case Study of Biodiesel in Thailand
Chantima Rewlay-ngoen, Seksan Papong, Pornpote Piumsomboon, Pomthong Malakul, Sate Sampattagul
Environment and Natural Resources Journal · 2013
Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is an effective tool for evaluating the potential environmental impact associated with all stages of a product's life cycle. Currently, a number of Life Cycle Impact Assessment (LCIA) methodologies have been developed. These methods are based on an ad hoc approach adopted by different countries and regional conditions, which make the results difficult to compare. In Thailand, the methodological choices and framework to assess environmental impacts in LCA are still under development. Because the actual amount of environmental damage differs depending on environmental variables such as climate and population density, there is a need to develop the LCIA method for use in Thailand. The aim of this research is therefore to develop LCIA method that is suitable for Thailand, within the context of global warming. The results show that the midpoint approach have been similar with any LCIA method, while the endpoint approach considered two factors are for the world and in Thailand. Based on endpoint approach, the net primary productivity (NPP) damage factor the World and Thailand from all 63 greenhouse gas emissions are 8.78 x 10 5 and 2.72 x 10 -2 kg/kg, respectively. Further development will be developed other the effects of global warming on human health and social assets with the sensitivity analysis and other impact categories which the important environmental problems in Thailand.
Water Footprint of Bioethanol Production from Sugarcane in Thailand
Ratchayuda Kongboon, Sate Sampattagul
Journal of environment and earth science · 2012
Following Thailand’s policy framework on bioenergy as stipulated in the Alternative Energy Development Plan (AEDP), ethanol use is encouraged and thereby results in increasing cultivation of sugarcane and other ethanol plants. Inadvertently, the use of scarce water resources has increased in tandem. This research aims to assess water footprint (WF) of sugarcane-based bioethanol production in Thailand. The study consists of into two parts, i.e., cultivation and ethanol production processes. The study result shows WF of sugarcane of 226 m 3 /ton, which consists of green WF of 146 m 3 /ton, blue WF of 31 m 3 /ton, and grey WF of 49 m 3 /ton. Based on the AEDP ethanol production targets of 3, 6.2 and 9 million m 3 /day by 2011, 2016, and 2022, demand of water is thus anticipated at 18,041; 37,787 and 54,853 million m 3 /year, respectively. The promotion of ethanol use in such an agricultural country as Thailand is definitely poised to cause the competition for water resources in plant growing for human consumption and energy production. The results of this study can be applied to drawing up the future policy on water and to producing bioethanol in the manner that is the most efficient use of water resources. Keywords: Water footprint, sugarcane, Bioethanol, water resource, Thailand
Life Cycle Evaluation of Frozen Okra by Using Parameter Screening Method
Sate Sampattagul, Supalak Palee, Chunya Kantawongwan
Environment and Natural Resources Journal · 2012
Different methodologies of Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) have been developed all over the world, however, the full implementation of LCA for SMEs is difficult due to its complexity, time consumption and the high cost. These problems were partly solved by using the experience in the development of a “Streamlined LCA” for SMEs. A parameter screening method was applied in the case study of frozen okra which is just one of the highly exported agricultural products of Thailand. The life cycle environmental impacts of this product were evaluated using a method called “Environmentally Responsible Product Assessment (ERPA)”. The objective of this research was to identify and quantify the environmental impacts of frozen okra from plantation, manufacturing, transportation, consumption and disposal. The environmental impact can be classified into 5 environmental stressors, which are material procurement, energy consumption, solid waste, wastewater and air pollution. The environmental impact was assessed by rating the collection at the highest impact level for each parameter, such as fertilizers, chemical use, heavy oil use, and direct emissions from energy consumption. All of the rating values were calculated based on the panel weighing method. Finally, the environmental stressors of the whole life cycle stage were shown in the form of target plots with a 25-element matrix. The overall rating (RERP) was 55.93, and coolant (ammonia and R-22) and energy consumption in the manufacturing stage are regarded as hot-spots. In addition, greenhouse gases from the manufacturing and transportation stages are critical parameters that need to be reduced to increase the environmental friendliness of production.
The water footprint of sugarcane and cassava in northern Thailand
Rattikarn Kongboon, Sate Sampattagul
Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences · 2012
This study assesses the water footprint (WF) of sugarcane and cassava in northern Thailand. The WF is an indicator that expresses the amount of freshwater embodied in each ton of crop produce. It varies considerably for each region, which is characterized by different climate and agricultural production systems. On average the WF of sugarcane (202 m3/ton) is less than that of cassava (509 m3/ton). At the provincial level, the WF of sugarcane is most intensive in Lampang (252 m3/ton) and less intensive in Kamphaeng Phet (167 m3/ton). Uthai Thani is the province where the WF of cassava is the highest (547 m3/ton), while Kamphaeng Phet has the lowest WF. If Thailand were to move toworads a low carbon society by switching from fossil fuel to bioenergy the effect on the volume of water usage in agricultural production is likely to increase. Therefore, the main problem facing Thailand will be water scarcity if water resource is not managed properly, this study showed the importance of water management for sustainable – bioenergy production and the competition for water resource between “water for food” or “water for energy”